Theosophy is a word and a concept known anciently, commonly understood in the modern era to describe the studies of religious philosophy and metaphysics originating with Helena Petrovna Blavatsky from the 1870s. In this context, theosophy holds that all religions are attempts by the "Spiritual Hierarchy" to help humanity in evolving to greater perfection, and that each religion therefore has a portion of the truth. Together with Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge, and others, Blavatsky founded the Theosophical Society in 1875. Theosophy, literally "god-wisdom", designates several bodies of ideas predating Blavatsky: The term appears in Neoplatonism. Porphyry De Abstinentia (4.9) mentions "Greek and Chaldean theosophy". The adjective "wise in divine things" is applied by Iamblichus (De mysteriis 7.1) to the G?µ??s?f?sta?, i.e. the Indian yogis or sadhus. There was a group of Renaissance philosophers: Cornelius Agrippa, Paracelsus, Robert Fludd, and, especially, Jacob Boehme; the Enlightenment theologian Emanuel Swedenborg was influenced by these. The OED defines theosophy as: "Any system of speculation which bases the knowledge of nature upon that of the divine nature", noting it is used in particular with reference to Boehme. Blavatsky's works have shown their influence on the following leaders, authors, artists and musicians: * Sir Edwin Arnold * Alice Bailey * L. Frank Baum * Annie Besant * Chris Carter (screenwriter) * Col. James Churchward * Aleister Crowley * Wayne Dyer * James Ensor * Dion Fortune * Mahatma Gandhi * Max Heindel * Adolf Hitler * Raghavan Iyer * James Joyce * Wassily Kandinsky * Alfred Kinsey * C.W. Leadbeater * Guido List * Sybil Leek * Piet Mondrian * Boris Pasternak * Nicholas Roerich * George W. Russell * Guy Ballard * Geraldine Innocente * Alexander Scriabin * Rudolf von Sebottendorf * Rudolf Steiner * Max Theon * Samael Aun Weor * The Mars Volta * William Butler Yeats * CMX * Ekkirala Krishnamacharya * Swami Sivananda[11] Contents of Disk Isis Unveiled: A Master Key to the Mysteries of Ancient and Modern Science ... by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky - 1919 The Secret Doctrine: The Synthesis of Science, Religion, and Philosophy by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky - 1917 The Theosophical Glossary by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, George Robert Stow Mead - 1892 - 389 pages Theosophy: An Introduction to the Supersensible Knowledge of the World and ... by Rudolf Steiner - Theosophy - 1910 - 230 pages Theosophy: Or, Psychological Religion by Friedrich Max Müller - 1895 - 585 pages Theosophy by Friedrich Max Müller - 1893 - 594 pages Theosophy: The Path of the Mystic by Katherine Augusta Westcott Tingley - 1922 - 185 pages Theosophy and Christianity by Ernest Reginald Hull - 1905 - 127 pages Madame Blavatsky and Her "theosophy": A Study by Arthur Lillie - 1895 - 228 pages Theosophy and the Theosophical Society by Annie Wood Besant - 1913 - 95 pages An Outline of the Principles of Modern Theosophy by Claude Falls Wright - 1894 - 188 pages Thrice-greatest Hermes: Studies in Hellenistic Theosophy and Gnosis by Hermes - 1906 Oriental Mysticism: A Treatise on the Sufiistic and Unitarian Theosophy of the Persians by Edward Henry Palmer - 1867 - 84 pages Based on a Persian manuscript treatise, Maksad i Aksá, or "Remotest aim", by ?Azíz bin Mohammed, Nafasí, originally written in Turkish and... Theosophy and the Higher Life, Or, Spiritual Dynamics and the Divine and ... by George Wyld - - 1880 - 138 pages Theosophy and New Thought by Henry Clay Sheldon - 1916 - 185 pages A Guide to Theosophy: Containing Select Articles for the Instructions [!] of ... by Tukaram Tatya, Bombay Theosophical Fund - Theosophy - 1887 - 400 pages The Kabbala: The True Science of Light; an Introduction to the Philosophy & Theosophy by Seth Pancoast - 1877 - 312 pages The Elements of Theosophy by Lilian Edger - Theosophy - 1907 - 202 pages Hints on Esoteric Theosophy by India Theosophical Society (Madras - 1882 Issued under the authority of the Theosophical Society. The Esoteric Basis of Christianity: Or, Theosophy and Christian Doctrine by William Kingsland 195 pages Essays in Logos and Gnosis Mainly in Relation to the Neo-Buddhist Theosophy by Thomas Simcox Lea - 1905 - 126 pages Thoughts on the Metaphysics of Theosophy by S. Sandaram Iyer - Theosophy - 1883 - 115 pages Reminiscences of H. P. Blavatsky and "The Secret Doctrine" by Constance Wachtmeister - Theosophy - 1893 - 162 pages Modern World Movements: Theosophy and the School of Natural Science "The ... by Jirah Dewey Buck - Theosophy - 1913 - 191 pages The Kabbala: Or, The True Science of Light: Especially in its relations to Life and Health and its Applicability as a Remedy in disease by Seth Pancoast - 1883 - 312 pages Kabbala Denudata, the Kabbalah Unveiled, Containing some Books of the Zohar by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers, Christian Knorr von Rosenroth - 1912 - 359 pages Hebraic Literature: Translations from the Talmud, Midrashim and Kabbala by Maurice Henry Harris - 1901 - 395 pages Key to the Hebrew-Egyptian Mystery in the Source of Measures Originating the Sources of Measure by James Ralston Skinner - 1875 - 324 pages A TEXTBOOK OF THEOSOPHY by Charles Leadbetter 1912 Theosophy and Occultism by G.S.R Mead 1892 The Ocean of Theosophy by William Judge 1900 Esoteric Buddhism by AP Sinnett 1883 Theosophy in relation to Human Life by Annie Besant The Beautiful Necessity, 7 essays on Theosophy and Architecture by CF Bragdon Nature and Aim of Theosophy by JD Buck 1889 A Primer of Theosophy: a Very Condensed Outline 1909 The Life after Death, and how Theosophy Unveils It by CW Leadbetter 1918 Dreams - What They Are and How They are Caused by CW Leadbetter 1903 Echoes from the Gnosis Volume 1 by GRS Mead 1906 Echoes from the Gnosis Volume 4 by GRS Mead 1906 Echoes from the Gnosis Volume 7 by GRS Mead 1906 Echoes from the Gnosis Volume 10 by GRS Mead 1906 Echoes from the Gnosis Volume 2 by GRS Mead 1907 The Changing World, and Lectures to Theosophical Students by Annie Besant 1910 Old Diary Leaves, the True Story of the Theosophical Society by Henry Olcott 1895 Popular lectures on theosophy by Annie Besant 1910 (What is theosophy? The ladder of lives. Reincarnation: its necessity. Reincarnation: its answers to life's problems. The law of action and reaction. Man's life in the three worlds) The Deeper Mysteries by E Farnsworth 1921 The Key to Theosophy, being a clear exposition, in the form of question and answer, of the ethics, science, and philosophy for the study of which the Theosophical society has been founded by HP Blavatsky 1889 The Christian creed : its origin and signification by CW Leadbetter 1904 The Kabbalah - its doctrines, development, and literature by Christian Ginsburg 1920 The Cabala, its influence on Judaism and Christianity by B. Pick 1913 The Canon - an Exposition of the Pagan Mystery perpetuated in the Cabala as the rule of all the arts by William Stirling 1897 Numbers- their Occult Power and mystic virtue. Being a résumé of the views of the Kabbalists, Pythagoreans, adepts of India, Chaldean Magi and medićval magicians by WW Westcott 1890 The Golden Fleece - a Book of Jewish Cabalism by Thomas Page 1888 Jewish Mystics, an Pppreciation by Samuel Hirsch 1907 Jewish Mysticism by J Abelson 1907